Everything about Chartered totally explained
:
For other uses of charter, see Charter (disambiguation).
A
charter is a document bestowing certain rights on a
town,
city,
university,
land or
institution; sometimes used as a loan of money. The term derives from the
Latin word "Carta" word meaning "
paper".
Origin
As
John Fiske described in his
1890 treatise on the Origin of Civil Government in the
United States:
» The word "charter" originally meant simply a paper or written document, and it was often applied to
deeds for the transfer of real estate. In contracts of such importance papers or parchment documents were drawn up and carefully preserved as irrefragable evidences of the transaction. And so, in quite significant phrase the towns zealously guarded their charters as the "title-deeds of their liberties."
After a while the word charter was applied in
England to a particular document which specified certain important concessions forcibly wrung by the people from a most unwilling sovereign. This document was called
Magna Carta, or the "Great Charter," signed at
Runnymede, June 15,
1215, by
King John of England.
History
In
Anglo-Saxon England charters were used to grant land rights.
Charters were issued in
medieval times by
Royal decree, perhaps giving a particular
town the right to hold a weekly
market, or to levy a
toll on a
road or
bridge. This pledged to the current King.
Legal status
A charter is a legally binding document
incorporating an organization or institution and specifying its purpose, remit or
bylaws. Organizations such as the
Institution of Civil Engineers in the
UK is chartered to maintain and advance the science and practice of
civil engineering in the UK, and by this charter has the right to regulate the business of civil engineering in the UK; this gives rise to a status of a chartered engineer - one who satisfies the requirements of the charter holding organization.
Royal Charters also exist and may have legal status in the case of Universities & similar bodies the power to award degrees normally comes from a Royal Charter,
Municipal charters
A charter is often the founding document of an incorporated
town or
city.
Charter schools
Charter schools are schools which have been freed from some of the rules, regulations, and statutes that apply to other public schools, in exchange for some type of accountability for producing certain results, which are set forth in each school's charter.
Charter coaches
Charter coaches are used by companies, government agencies and other authorities, schools, societies, sports clubs and other miscellaneous groups of individuals for private transportation in connection to official or leisure trips. Also chartered coaches and buses are used to provide shuttle type transit for the needs of tour operators and other businesses requiring scheduled private transportation of clients and personnel.
Charter flights
Charter flights are organized on behalf of a group of individuals who share seats on a plane to travel together to another destination. These flights can be organized by individuals on behalf of other individuals or by tour companies. These companies are commonly referred to as tour operators or
inclusive tour (IT) companies. The latter term is used to refer to companies whose charter arrangements include accommodation as well as flights. These arrangements are also known as
package holiday or package tours. Firms that charter aircraft without offering any accommodation are "seat-only" operators. In the UK, any company or individual organizing charter flights - with or without accommodation - on a commercial basis must obtain Air Travel Organizers' Licensing (
ATOL) from the
Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and must lodge a bond with it, which will be used to repatriate charter airline passengers whose tour organizer has failed and who are stranded abroad.
The term charter flights generally refers to flights and seats on large jets such as those produced by
Boeing or
Airbus, and is usually a cheap way for individuals to fly on a set route at a set time. In contrast
air charter typically involves smaller planes, where one individual or company wants to use the whole plane for a very specific flight at a time of their choosing, and is a much more expensive way to fly.
Charter colony
A
charter colony is a type of colony that was established by a group of settlers that received a charter.
Charter member
The term
charter member refers to a person or group who was among those participating in the creation of any chartered organization.
The Charter of Goods and Services
The term
charter can refer to the letting, renting or hire of an object or a service. For instance
yacht charter concerns the renting of a yacht and its crew for a set period of time. Also, aircraft are chartered in the same way.
Newsgroup charter
On
Usenet,
newsgroups in the
Big-8 and some other hierarchies must have a
newsgroup charter spelling out the purpose of the newsgroup, what constitutes
on-topic discussion, and whether or not the newsgroup is
moderated.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Chartered'.
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